本文翻译自The Economist (March 8th-14th 2025)
Al videos
Let the camera troll
AI视频：让摄像头“恶搞”
Donald Trump's Gaza video signals a new genre of political communication
唐纳德·特朗普的加沙视频标志着一种新的政治传播形式的诞生
THE LEADER of the free world basks on a sun lounger in his swimming shorts, sipping a beer next to the prime minister of Israel. Elon Musk dances on the beach, throwing banknotes into the air. A child carries a gold balloon bearing the likeness of Donald Trump, as a giant golden statue of the president towers over passers-by.
自由世界的领袖身着泳装，躺在沙滩椅上，一边啜饮啤酒，一边与以色列总理相伴。埃隆·马斯克在海滩上跳舞，将钞票抛向空中。一个孩子拿着一个印有唐纳德·特朗普形象的金色气球，而一尊巨大的金色总统雕像俯瞰着路人。
This fever dream of an American-occupied Gaza was brought to life in an AI-generated video that lit up on social media after Mr Trump shared it on February 26th. The 30-second clip, whose creator remains unknown, is slick in its production, outlandish in its content and hugely successful in its reach. Tens of thousands of people have "liked” Mr Trump's post—and at least as many have hated it.
特朗普在2月26日分享了这段人工智能生成的视频，该视频生动地展示了美国占领加沙的奇幻场景，引发了社交媒体上的热议。这段身份不明人士创作的时长30秒的视频，制作精良、内容荒诞且传播范围极广。数以万计的人为特朗普的帖子点赞，而更多的人则对其表示反感。
Much is made of AI's potential to spread misinformation. The “Trump Gaza” video exemplifies a different use of the technology. Knowingly absurd, it is a high-fidelity provocation perfectly suited to tickle Mr Trump's fans and bait his critics. No one is being fooled by the video, but it seems everyone is talking about it.
人们往往关注人工智能传播虚假信息的潜在风险，而“特朗普加沙”视频则展示了该技术的另一种用途。尽管这段视频荒诞不经，却是一种极有冲击力的挑衅行为，完美地迎合了特朗普支持者的口味，同时激怒了他的批评者。虽然没有人会相信这段视频的内容，但它显然激起了众人的讨论。
More communication of this kind can be expected for two reasons. One is technical. Until recently making a video like this would have required a team of professional animators. Today any amateur can have a go. Sora, OpenAr's video generator, was made available to Americans in December and launched in Europe on February 28th.
未来出于两个原因可以预期会出现更多此类传播方式：第一个是技术层面的。不久以前还需要一个专业的动画团队制作此类视频。如今，任何业余爱好者都可以尝试。OpenAI的视频生成器Sora于去年12月向美国人开放，并于今年2月28日在欧洲推出。
The democratisation of the technology was demonstrated by the speed of the response to the Trump video. Within 48 hours Palestinian activists had hit back with a professional-looking AI video of their own, “Gaza is Ours”, showing Mr Trump sobbing in prison as Gazans celebrated, backed by an Al-made rock song.
对特朗普视频的快速回应体现了该技术的平民化。在48小时内，巴勒斯坦活动人士以一段专业感十足的人工智能视频“加沙属于我们”进行了反击，视频中特朗普在监狱中泣不成声，而加沙人则在庆祝。该视频由人工智能制作的摇滚歌曲作为背景音乐。
The second reason such clips will spread is political. Mr Trump and his allies delight in saying the unsayable and posting the unpostable, using humour for cover. Outrageous statements-in this case about Gaza's future as an American-run beach resort-are given plausible deniability by the jokiness of the medium, even as the underlying message is conveyed to supporters. Expect other politicians to push boundaries in their posts.
此类视频传播的第二个原因是政治层面的。特朗普及其盟友乐于以幽默转弯抹角地说出不可言之事、发布不可发之帖。在这种情况下，加沙未来将成为美国管理的海滨度假胜地的荒谬言论因其传播媒介的搞笑性而获得了合理的否认权，然而，其背后的信息已经传递给了支持者。预计其他政治人物也会在他们的推文中试探边界。
The left has traditionally led the way in mastering new media, aided by its generally younger, tech-savvy supporters. Barack Obama used Facebook to win the White House in 2oo8. Today America's right is ahead. Mr Trump has cultivated a following among meme-sharing, crypto-trading techies, who are more gung-ho about AI than liberals, who fret about boring things like copyright and content “guardrails”. Britain's leftish Labour Party released an AI video in January, only to be criticised by supporters for undermining the work of human creatives. Mr Trump's antics may cause outrage. But if those on the left want to get even online, they too will have to seize the memes of production.
通常来说，左派由于具备相对年轻且精通技术的支持者，所以在掌握新媒体方面一直处于领先地位。2008年，巴拉克·奥巴马利用脸书赢得了白宫的宝座。如今，美国的右派却走在了前面。特朗普在热衷于分享梗图、交易加密货币的技术群体中培养了一批追随者，这些人比自由主义人士更热衷于人工智能，而自由主义人士更关注诸如版权和内容“护栏”等无趣问题。今年1月，英国有左派倾向的工党发布了一段人工智能视频，却遭到了支持者的批评，原因是他们认为这损害了人类创作者的成果。特朗普的行径也许会引发众怒，但如果左派想要在网络上进行反击，他们也必须掌握这些传播工具。 |
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